[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.triaxx.sk\/osud-alexandrijskej-kniznice\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.triaxx.sk\/osud-alexandrijskej-kniznice\/","headline":"Osud Alexandrijskej kni\u017enice","name":"Osud Alexandrijskej kni\u017enice","description":"Ide o\u00a0najzn\u00e1mej\u0161iu starod\u00e1vnu kni\u017enicu, ak\u00e1 kedy bola. Zriaden\u00e1 bola vo v\u00e4\u010d\u0161om\u00a0komplexe Museion (sv\u00e4ty\u0148a v\u0161etk\u00fdch m\u00faz), … ","datePublished":"2019-11-10","dateModified":"2023-04-28","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.triaxx.sk\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.triaxx.sk\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/53c590fdd1ec24ee297a15a00a0829b5191e9163e4cc5dbbee20ed40fcc30ad9?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/53c590fdd1ec24ee297a15a00a0829b5191e9163e4cc5dbbee20ed40fcc30ad9?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"triaxx.sk","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.triaxx.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a300878_w16630_t1558362489.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.triaxx.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a300878_w16630_t1558362489.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.triaxx.sk\/osud-alexandrijskej-kniznice\/","wordCount":579,"articleBody":"Ide o\u00a0najzn\u00e1mej\u0161iu starod\u00e1vnu kni\u017enicu, ak\u00e1 kedy bola. Zriaden\u00e1 bola vo v\u00e4\u010d\u0161om\u00a0komplexe Museion (sv\u00e4ty\u0148a v\u0161etk\u00fdch m\u00faz), v\u00a0meste Alexandria, v\u00a0Egypte. D\u00f4vodom, pre\u010do je Alexandrijsk\u00e1 kni\u017enica tak ve\u013emi zauj\u00edmav\u00e1 je ten, \u017ee predch\u00e1dzaj\u00face arch\u00edvy boli sk\u00f4r lok\u00e1lneho r\u00e1zu. T\u00e1to kni\u017enica mala ma\u0165 pravdepodobne uchovan\u00e9 viacer\u00e9 spisy r\u00f4znych kult\u00far.Jej rozmach nastal u\u017e v\u00a03. storo\u010d\u00ed, ako cel\u00fd komplex sa starala najm\u00e4 o\u00a0zaru\u010dene kvalitn\u00e9 spisovanie textov, ako aj u\u010denie. Museion m\u00f4\u017eeme pova\u017eova\u0165 za predchodcu dne\u0161n\u00fdch univerz\u00edt.Alexander Ve\u013ek\u00fd v\u00a04. storo\u010d\u00ed zah\u00e1jil svoju cestu na Bl\u00edzky V\u00fdchod. Na t\u00fdchto cest\u00e1ch nie len \u00fazemia dob\u00edjal, ale sna\u017eil sa obohacova\u0165 sa ich vedomos\u0165ami, ako aj roz\u0161\u00edri\u0165 gr\u00e9cke trad\u00edcie. Pr\u00e1ve v\u00a0tejto dobe sa rozm\u00e1ha v\u00fdchodn\u00e1 kult\u00fara aj na z\u00e1pad. N\u00e1sledne po jeho n\u00e1hlej smrti prenech\u00e1va \u00fazemie Egyptu Ptolemaiovi I., ktor\u00fd sem premiestnil aj svoje s\u00eddlo.N\u00e1sledn\u00e9 gener\u00e1cie sa taktie\u017e pri\u010di\u0148ovali k\u00a0jej rastu. Za obdobie 4. a\u00a02.\u00a0 storo\u010dia p.n.l. , sa zaznamen\u00e1va po\u010det cca 700\u00a0000 kn\u00edh, no ver\u00ed sa \u017ee jej obsah sa napokon mohol vy\u0161plha\u0165 a\u017e na nieko\u013eko mili\u00f3nov.Tzv. Lov na knihyJedn\u00fdm zo sp\u00f4sobom boli n\u00e1morn\u00e9 cesty. Ak sa na\u0161la kniha od n\u00e1v\u0161tevn\u00edka, bola odobran\u00e1 do kni\u017enice, skop\u00edrovan\u00e1 a\u00a0vr\u00e1ten\u00e1. Obdr\u017ean\u00e9 boli aj diela z\u00a0At\u00e9n, napr\u00edklad od Aeschyla, Sofokla alebo Euripeda. Okrem gr\u00e9ckeho jazyka a\u00a0egyptsk\u00e9ho sa tu uplatnili aj in\u00e9, ktor\u00e9 mali ma\u0165 e\u0161te v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu sekciu. Boli to napr\u00edklad v\u00fdchodn\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 spisy, dejiny Babylonu alebo hebrejsk\u00e9 spisy a\u00a0mnoho in\u00fdch. \u00a0Hovor\u00ed sa aj o\u00a0tom, \u017ee pr\u00e1ve tu vznikol prv\u00fd preklad Star\u00e9ho Z\u00e1kona pre helenizovan\u00fd hebrejsk\u00fd \u013eud.Kleopatra a\u00a0R\u00edmaniaKleopatraje na\u010falej bran\u00e1 ako ve\u013emi o\u010daruj\u00faca, vzdelan\u00e1 \u017eena, ktor\u00e1 bola schopn\u00e1 zmocni\u0165 sa srdca najzn\u00e1mej\u0161ieho r\u00edmskeho vojvodcu Julia C\u00e9zara. Predch\u00e1dzal tomu u\u017e dlh\u0161ie boj o\u00a0moc s\u00a0jej bratom. T\u00fdm, \u017ee bola tak dobr\u00e1 v\u00a0strat\u00e9gii, ovl\u00e1dala gr\u00e9cky aj egyptsk\u00fd jazyk a\u00a0dokonca sa podie\u013eala na prepisovan\u00ed diel do kni\u017enice, bolo \u013eahk\u00e9 po\u010darova\u0165 samotn\u00e9mu C\u00e9zarovi. Pripojil sa na jej stranu a\u00a0podp\u00e1lil lode jej brata. Okrem in\u00fdch budov si to odsk\u00e1kala aj Alexandrijsk\u00e1 kni\u017enica s\u00a0miernou \u0161kodou.Nesk\u00f4r sa Kleopatra dost\u00e1va do sympatie Marca Antonia, ktor\u00fd jej mal, ako ospravedlnenie, darova\u0165 knihy z\u00a0konkuren\u010dnej kni\u017enice v\u00a0Pergamone. Ani to v\u0161ak nezachr\u00e1nilo jej existenciu. Kleopatra spolu s\u00a0Antoniom umieraj\u00fa po bitke pri Aktione.St\u00e1le sa ved\u00fa r\u00f4zne dohady, ako mohlo jedno z\u00a0najintelektu\u00e1lnej\u0161\u00edch miest tej doby zanikn\u00fa\u0165. Nasleduj\u00face roky, po smrti poslednej kr\u00e1\u013eovnej Ptolemaiovcov, je kni\u017enica vydan\u00e1 napospas osudu. Jeden z\u00a0ob\u013e\u00faben\u00fdch dohadov o\u00a0pr\u00ed\u010dine z\u00e1niku je pr\u00e1ve n\u00e1bo\u017eenstvo. Na tomto \u00fazem\u00ed sa vystriedalo kres\u0165anstvo, n\u00e1sledne islam. Hovor\u00ed sa o\u00a0tom, \u017ee pr\u00e1ve Arabi mohli kni\u017enicu zrovna\u0165 so sebou, preto\u017ee bola v\u00a0rozpore s\u00a0ich vierou. No to sa presne nevie a\u00a0d\u00f4vod ost\u00e1va st\u00e1le nepresn\u00fd.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4\/5 - (8 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Osud Alexandrijskej kni\u017enice","item":"https:\/\/www.triaxx.sk\/osud-alexandrijskej-kniznice\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]